Even though winter land–sea thermal contrast (LSC) is expected to undergo a strong weakening in the future warmer climate, its effects have been poorly investigated. Here we run a set of idealized ...

Thermodynamical and dynamical aspects of the climate system response to anthropogenic forcing are often considered in two distinct frameworks: the former in the context of the forcing–feedback ...

Researchers have created a dataset of the whole atmosphere, enabling new research to be conducted on previously difficult-to-study regions. Using a new data-assimilation system called JAGUAR-DAS, ...

High above our heads and unseen to the naked eye, rivers of water vapor flow through the atmosphere. These "atmospheric rivers" are crucial to the global water cycle. Astonishingly, they have the ...

The upper panel illustrates how ENSO influences the equatorial Atlantic and Indian Oceans, and how these two ocean basins in turn feed back to ENSO. On the right side of the panel, the schematic shows ...