Direct modulation of a laser 1 has always been used in optical telecommunications. Although distance–capacity product capabilities using this approach have been limited, it represents a very ...

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Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Varying the voltage of a carrier or a direct current in order to transmit analog or digital data. Amplitude modulation (AM) is the oldest method of transmitting human voice electronically. In an ...

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. The distribution of content involves the need to adapt digital information to its means of ...

LASER COMPONENTS would like to introduce its phase modulator especially designed to operate in the 1000nm wavelength band. The NIR-MPX series use a proton exchanged based waveguide process that ...

LASER COMPONENTS would like to introduce our phase modulators especially designed to operate in the 1000nm wavelength band. The NIR-MPX series uses a proton exchanged based waveguide process that ...

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) or Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM) is a technique of converting analog signals into rectangular waveforms. The width of the waveform varies in proportion with the ...

We’ve been loving the variety of entries to the 2025 One-Hertz Challenge. Many a clock has been entered, to be sure, but also some projects that step well outside simple timekeeping. Case in point, ...