The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

Ask a geoscientist how he or she feels about the phrase, "out of sight, out of mind," and you likely will meet some serious resistance. The scientist likely would explain that learning how different ...

Subsurface permeability is a measure of how well liquids flow through below-ground rocks and soils. It is a key parameter that determines subsurface flow and transport processes in watersheds. However ...

Although constructed wetland treatment systems have been used in a variety of applications, uncertainty in adequately determining flow conditions or hydraulic residence times ("hydraulic efficiencies" ...

Abstract: The growing of finfish, crustaceans, molluscs, and aquatic plants is termed aquaculture and it is currently the fastest growing animal food producing sector in the world. Flow-through ...

New methods for assessing the loss of phosphorus in soil have now been developed by researchers. While current measurements focus mainly on surface runoff, the new research is looking at the best way ...

Groundwater is a key resource for water users in California’s Central Valley, a major agricultural hub with an economic output of tens of billions of dollars annually. Surface deformation in the ...

The Hydrologic Cycle is quite complex, with many moisture paths; however, in this project we are only concerned with a small portion of the entire cycle. In a simplified hydrologic model, rainfall (or ...

When it comes to advancing nutrient management planning for croplands across the United States, it is important to evaluate phosphorus indices to ensure accurate phosphorus loss risk assessment. Until ...