Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Discover how efficiency variance reveals the gap between expected and actual inputs in production and its impact on labor, materials, and costs.

Standard deviation and variance are two basic mathematical concepts that have an important place in various parts of the financial sector, from accounting to economics to investing. Both measure the ...

Market size variance and market share variance are two ways of using market data to determine its effect on a company's profits. While the two terms are related, they calculate the effects of ...

Until 2017, genome-wide polygenic scores derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of intelligence were able to predict only 1% of the variance in intelligence in independent samples.