In the mid-11th century, a Swedish leader remembered as Ingvar the Far-Travelled (Old Norse Yngvarr víðfǫrli) led a major expedition east. We know this not from royal chronicles, but from memorial runestones raised by grieving families—especially in Uppland and Södermanland—who say their men “went with Ingvar” and did not return. These stones are unusually valuable evidence because they are contemporary, local, and name specific individuals. Several inscriptions specify the destination as “Serkl